
Forming Pyrex
- Pyrex: This Borosilicate glass and other similar glasses such as Kimax and Duran are the backbone of laboratory apparatus. Relatively low thermal expansion helps to make this glassware resist cracking from heat during experiments. We can repair your apparatus or design a piece to fit your needs. Maximum temperature is 500 degrees.
- Quartz & Vycor: This is high temperature material; it can be used up to 1000 degrees centigrade. Vycor is 97% pure silica or sand, quartz is 100% silica making it not a glass but a crystal. It looks like any other glass to the eye. It is used for semiconductor manufacturing because of its low metal contamination.
- Corning 7052, Schott 8250 Kovar Sealing Glasses: These glasses have been formulated to expand at the same rate as Kovar Metal, making these seals strong. We use Schott glass on a regular basis without darkening problems. Maximum temperature 420 degrees C.
- Lime: This is the kind of glass used for bottles and windows. The formula for tubing is slightly different making it easier to use. This glass has a high rate of expansion making it likely to crack if heated. Maximum temperature is 250C.
- Lead Glass: This glass is used for making neon tubes because it has great ductility and can be sealed to electrodes. It must be heated with care to avoid blackening. Maximum temperature 250C.
- Uranium Glass: This green glass contains a very small amount of Uranium making it slightly radioactive. Its wonderful "wetting" characteristic makes it a good choice for bonding dissimilar glasses in graded seals. A graded seal is a series of short glass tubes with slightly different expansions fused together. You can have Pyrex at one end and quartz at the other, two glasses that could never be directly sealed to each other. Maximum temperature for Uranium Glass is 480C.
- Alumino-Silicate: This specialty glass is used for making Alkali Metal Cells for several reasons. Its chemical composition makes it hundreds of times better for holding small atoms like Helium. It can be heated much higher than Pyrex for a better bake out and a cleaner cell. This glass has a high expansion and tends to devitrify if not heated properly. We have been working with this glass since 1972. The maximum temperature is 650C.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY: We do not use hydroflouric acids to clean quartz. We recycle convoluted foam and chip board packaging, some of which has been in use for over 5 years.